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3.
An. bras. dermatol ; 92(4): 543-545, July-Aug. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886991

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Lichen planopilaris is a disease that appears with lymphocytic cicatricial alopecia. It is considered a follicular variant of lichen planus. The examination of affected areas shows alopecia with perifollicular erythema and scaling, revealing a predilection for hair follicles. The involvement of children is uncommon, with few reports in this population in the literature. This study presents a clinical case of a male patient of 15 years of age with characteristic lesions of lichen planopilaris.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Scalp/pathology , Alopecia/pathology , Lichen Planus/pathology , Biopsy , Hair Follicle/pathology , Dermoscopy , Hair/diagnostic imaging
4.
An. bras. dermatol ; 90(4): 450-465, July-Aug. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-759219

ABSTRACT

Abstract:Afro-ethnic hair is different from Caucasian and Asian hair and has unique features. Ethnic hair is more prone to certain conditions or diseases. Such diseases are not only related to the fragile inner structure of the hair, but also to the cultural habits of hairstyles that often exert traction forces upon the pilosebaceous follicle. Women with African hair subject their hair to chemical treatments such as hair straightening and relaxing, and thus modify the structure of their hair shaft, making it more susceptible to damage. For this reason, hair complaints are common among black women and represent a diagnostic challenge to the dermatologist, requiring a thorough clinical examination of the hair and scalp, and a detailed medical history of the patient. The purpose of this review is to warn of the potential side effects and sequelae related to hairstyles and hair treatments used by black women, and to highlight the major diseases that affect this ethnicity.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Black People/ethnology , Alopecia/ethnology , Hair Preparations/adverse effects , Scalp Dermatoses/ethnology , Alopecia/etiology , Alopecia/pathology , Cultural Characteristics , Hair Follicle/pathology , Hair Preparations/administration & dosage , Scalp Dermatoses/etiology , Scalp Dermatoses/pathology
5.
An. bras. dermatol ; 90(3,supl.1): 125-129, May-June 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-755760

ABSTRACT

Abstract

Drug-induced lupus is a rare drug reaction featuring the same symptoms as idiopathic lupus erythematosus. Recently, with the introduction of new medicines in clinical practice, an increase in the number of illness-triggering implicated drugs has been reported, with special emphasis on anti-TNF-α drugs. In the up-to-date list, almost one hundred medications have been associated with the occurrence of drug-induced lupus. The authors present two case reports of the illness induced respectively by hydralazine and infliximab, addressing the clinical and laboratorial characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment.

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Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antihypertensive Agents/adverse effects , Gastrointestinal Agents/adverse effects , Hydralazine/adverse effects , Infliximab/adverse effects , Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous/chemically induced , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors , Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous/pathology , Skin/pathology
6.
An. bras. dermatol ; 90(3): 438-439, May-Jun/2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-749650
7.
An. bras. dermatol ; 89(6): 925-938, Nov-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-727642

ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis continues to draw special attention from health care professionals and society in general. Cutaneous tuberculosis is an infection caused by M. tuberculosis complex, M. bovis and bacillus Calmette-Guérin. Depending on individual immunity, environmental factors and the type of inoculum, it may present varied clinical and evolutionary aspects. Patients with HIV and those using immunobiological drugs are more prone to infection, which is a great concern in centers where the disease is considered endemic. This paper aims to review the current situation of cutaneous tuberculosis in light of this new scenario, highlighting the emergence of new and more specific methods of diagnosis, and the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate the parasite-host interaction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/etiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/pathology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Tuberculin Test , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/pathology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use
8.
An. bras. dermatol ; 88(6): 937-944, Nov-Dec/2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-699004

ABSTRACT

Superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin and nails are a major cause of morbidity in the world. Choosing the right treatment is not always simple because of the possibility of drug interactions and side effects. The first part of the article discusses the main treatments for superficial mycoses - keratophytoses, dermatophytosis, candidiasis, with a practical approach to the most commonly-used topical and systemic drugs , referring also to their dosage and duration of use. Promising new, antifungal therapeutic alternatives are also highlighted, as well as available options on the Brazilian and world markets.


As infecções fúngicas superficiais dos cabelos, pele e unhas representam uma causa importante de morbidade no mundo. O tratamento nem sempre é simples, havendo dificuldade na escolha dos esquemas terapêuticos disponíveis na literatura, assim como suas possíveis interações medicamentosas e efeitos colaterais. A segunda parte do trabalho aborda os principais esquemas terapêuticos das micoses superficiais - ceratofitoses, dermatofitoses, candidíase -, possibilitando a consulta prática das drogas tópicas e sistêmicas mais utilizadas, sua dosagem e tempo de utilização. Novas possibilidades terapêuticas antifúngicas também são ressaltadas, assim como as apresentações disponíveis no mercado brasileiro e mundial.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Dermatomycoses/drug therapy , Antifungal Agents/cerebrospinal fluid , Drug Interactions , Time Factors
9.
An. bras. dermatol ; 88(5): 764-774, out. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-689735

ABSTRACT

Superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin and nails are a major cause of morbidity in the world. Choosing the right treatment is not always simple because of the possibility of drug interactions and side effects. The first part of the article discusses the main treatments for superficial mycoses - keratophytoses, dermatophytosis, candidiasis, with a practical approach to the most commonly-used topical and systemic drugs , referring also to their dosage and duration of use. Promising new, antifungal therapeutic alternatives are also highlighted, as well as available options on the Brazilian and world markets.


As infecções fúngicas superficiais dos cabelos, pele e unhas representam uma causa importante de morbidade no mundo. O tratamento nem sempre é simples, havendo dificuldade na escolha dos esquemas terapêuticos disponíveis na literatura, assim como suas possíveis interações medicamentosas e efeitos colaterais. A primeira parte do trabalho aborda os principais esquemas terapêuticos das micoses superficiais - ceratofitoses, dermatofitoses, candidíase - possibilitando a consulta prática das drogas tópicas e sistêmicas mais utilizadas, sua dosagem e tempo de utilização. Novas possibilidades terapêuticas antifungicas também são ressaltadas, assim como as apresentações disponíneis no mercado brasileiro e mundial.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Dermatomycoses/drug therapy , Dermatomycoses/microbiology , Time Factors
10.
An. bras. dermatol ; 85(6): 767-785, nov.-dez. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-573648

ABSTRACT

As doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (DSTs) apresentam prevalência significativa tanto na população geral quanto nas gestantes. Nestas, em especial, devem-se considerar as alterações fisiológicas em seu organismo que podem, inclusive, alterar o curso dessas doenças. Complicações obstétricas e neonatais podem ocorrer em decorrência delas, acarretando aumento da morbimortalidade materno-infantil. Abordam-se, neste artigo, as particularidades da história natural e terapêutica no período gestacional das principais DSTs: cancro mole, donovanose, gonorreia, clamidíase, hepatites virais, herpes genital, infecção pelo papilomavírus humano (HPV), linfogranuloma venéreo, sífilis e vulvovaginites. As DSTs devem ser enfrentadas com extrema atenção e conscientização por parte dos profissionais de saúde, principalmente, no tocante ao diagnóstico, que deve ser o mais precoce possível, e ao tratamento, que apresenta limitações na terapêutica durante a gestação, pela toxicidade de muitos dos medicamentos comumente empregados. A prevenção e o tratamento do parceiro são importantes para que as ações sejam efetivas.


Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have a significant prevalence in both the general population and pregnant women. Accordingly, we consider the physiological changes of the maternal organism that can alter the clinical course of these diseases. In addition, obstetric and neonatal complications may occur, resulting in increased maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. We explore features of the natural course and treatment during pregnancy of the major STDs: soft chancre, donovanosis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, viral hepatitis, genital herpes, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, lymphogranuloma venereum, syphilis, and vulvovaginitis. We believe that health professionals should pay careful attention to STDs, particularly in relation to early diagnosis and precautions on the use of drugs during pregnancy. Prevention and partner treatment to achieve effective results are also extremely relevant.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Diagnosis, Differential , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/diagnosis , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/drug therapy , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology
11.
Surg. cosmet. dermatol. (Impr.) ; 1(4): 178-185, Out.-Dez. 2009. ilus., tab.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-884339

ABSTRACT

Neste artigo, os autores complementam o primeiro trabalho sobre a pesquisa dermatológica dos tratamentos estéticos capilares. O alisamento capilar defi nitivo com os principais alisantes legalizados ­ hidróxidos de sódio e lítio, hidróxido de guanidina e tioglicolato de amônio ­, suas diferenças, mecanismos de ação, indicações e segurança para a saúde são aqui abordados. O artigo ainda discute sobre o uso ilegal e indiscriminado de produtos do grupo dos aldeídos (formaldeído e glutaraldeído) nos salões de cabeleireiro no Brasil, suas implicações legais e em saúde pública, sua carcinogenicidade e a identifi cação dos referidos registros junto à ANVISA. Também são estudados os xampus e agentes condicionadores indicados para tratamento da haste capilar. Ao fi nal, são discutidas as implicações dos tratamentos capilares em geral, para a saúde do fi o e do couro cabeludo.


The authors complement the fi rst article on the approach of dermatological aesthetic hair treatments. This article addresses the ultimate hair straightening with major straightening legalized ­ sodium, lithium and guanidine hydroxides and ammonium thioglycolate ­, their differences, mechanisms of action, indications and safety to human health. Besides these straighteners, we discuss the illegal and indiscriminate use of hairdressers salons in Brazil in the group of aldehydes (formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde) for smoothing hair. This study focuses its legal implications and public health, carcinogenic potencial and the identifi cation of such fi lings with ANVISA. Also studied the shampoos and conditioning agents indicated for treatment of the hair shaft. Finally, we discuss the implications of hair care in general health of the hair shaft and the scalp.

12.
Surg. cosmet. dermatol. (Impr.) ; 1(3): 130-136, Jul.-Set. 2009. ilus., tab.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-884411

ABSTRACT

Dúvidas sobre a ação dos cosméticos capilares sobre a saúde do corpo e dos cabelos são cada vez mais frequentes nas consultas dermatológicas. Os médicos dermatologistas necessitam enriquecer o conhecimento a respeito, não somente, das doenças do couro cabeludo, como também das interações moleculares dos cosméticos usados na fibra capilar, incluindo a influência de tais produtos quando absorvidos pelo epitélio do couro cabeludo. A cada dia, aumentam as consultas médicas para esclarecimento de quais técnicas e produtos químicos são mais indicados para permitir que os cabelos sofram as alterações desejadas de seu aspecto natural e, ao mesmo tempo, mantenhamse saudáveis e belos. Neste artigo, dividido em duas partes, abordamos a fisiologia dos cabelos, sua estrutura e natureza química, os agentes usados para seu alisamento, sua coloração, higiene e seu tratamento estético e as consequências que tais procedimentos podem ter na saúde em geral, incluindo sua segurança no uso durante a gravidez e lactação.


Doubts concerning the action of hair cosmetics and the health of both body and hair are very frequent in the dermatological visits. Dermatologists need no only to enrich the knowledge of scalp diseases but also of molecular interactions of cosmetics used in hair fi ber, including the infl uence of such products when absorbed by the epithelium of the scalp. The amount of medical visits increases every day to fi nd out which techniques and chemical products are best indicated to enable the desired changes in hair from its natural appearance and, at the same time, to keep the hair healthy and beautiful. In this article, divided in two parts, we discuss the hair physiology, structure and chemical nature, as well as the agents used for its smoothing, coloring, hygiene and cosmetic treatment, and the consequences that such procedures can have on overall health, including their use safety during pregnancy and lactation.

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